In the name of Allah The Compassionate The Loving.
RULES for ل Sakinah
Salam alaikum wa rahmatu Allahi wa BarakatuHu. Peace be upon the followers of guidance.

laam rules


The ل sakinah, in the word "ال" ,which means "the" and makes the noun afterwards definite, is sometimes pronounced clearly ( إظهارًا ) , and at other times eaten up ( إدغام ) by the letter afterwards and not pronounced. It depends on the letter that comes afterwards. When the the ل sakinah in the word "ال" is pronounced clearly, the letter after it is considered a moon ( القمرية )letter. It is called a moon ( القمرية ) letter because in the word ( القمر ) the ل sakinah is pronounced. When the the ل sakinah in the word "ال" is eaten up and not pronounced, the letter after it is considered to be a sun ( الشمسية )letter.

AL- Qamariah ( القمرية ) moon letter, when the ل sakinah in the word "ال" is pronounced clearly .

It is obligatory to pronounce the ل sakinah in the word "ال" clearly when it is followed by any of the letters in the following sentence:
ابغ حجك وخف عقيمه
وهي: الهمزة، والباء، والغين، والحاء، والجيم، والكاف، والواو، والخاء، والفاء، والعين، والقاف، والياء، والميم، والها

Like in the following examples:

الإِنْسَانُ (1)
الْبَارِئُ (2)
الْغَنِيُّ (3)
الْحَكِيمُ (4)
الْجَمِيلَ (5)
الْكَرِيمِ (6)
الْوَلِيُّ (7)
الْخَبِيرُ (8)
الْفَتَّاحُ (9)
الْعُلَمَاءُ (10)
الْقَيُّومُ (11)
الْيَوْمَ (12)
الْمُلْكُ (13)
الْهُدَى (14)


When the ل sakinah in the word "ال" is pronounced clearly, the letter after it is considered a moon ( القمرية )letter. The ل in this case is called a moon ل that is - ( ل القمرية ).

Listen to the following ayats and state where ل sakinah in the word "ال" is pronounced clearly, that is ( ل القمرية ) a moon ل.

{ٱلۡحَمۡدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَـٰلَمِينَ}

{ٱهۡدِنَا ٱلصِّرَٲطَ ٱلۡمُسۡتَقِيمَ}

{صِرَٲطَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنۡعَمۡتَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ}

{غَيۡرِ ٱلۡمَغۡضُوبِ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا ٱلضَّآلِّينَ}

{إِذَا جَآءَ نَصۡرُ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡفَتۡحُ}

{مِن شَرِّ ٱلۡوَسۡوَاسِ ٱلۡخَنَّاسِ}

{ٱلۡحَآقَّةُ}

{مِنَ ٱلۡجِنَّةِ وَٱلنَّاسِ}




A-Shamsiat ( الشمسية ) sun letter, when the ل sakinah in the word "ال" is eaten up and not not pronounced.

It is obligatory to skip the pronounciation the ل in the word "ال" when it is followed by any of the remaining 14 letters. They are the first letters of each of the words in the following sentence:
طِب ثُمَّ صِلْ رَحْمًا تفز ضِفْ ذا نِعم دع سُوءَ ظَنٍّ زُر شريفًا للكرم
Like in the following examples:

الطَّيِّبَاتُ (15)
الثَّوَابِ (16)
الصَّالِحِينَ (17)
الرَّزَّاقُ (18)
التَّائِبُونَ (19)
الضَّالِّينَ (20)
الذَّكَرُ (21)
النَّعِيمِ (22)
الدَّاعِ (23)
السَّمِيعُ (24)
الظَّالِمِينَ (25)
الزَّبُورِ (26)
الشَّكُورُ (27)
اللَّيْلِ (28)


When the ل sakinah in the word "ال" is not pronounced i.e. eaten up, the letter after it is considered a sun ( الشمسية )letter. The ل in this case is called a sun ل that is - ( ل الشمسية ).

Listen to the following ayats and state where ل sakinah in the word "ال" is not pronounced, that is ( ل الشمسية ) a sun ل :

{ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ}

{مَـٰلِكِ يَوۡمِ ٱلدِّينِ}

{ٱهۡدِنَا ٱلصِّرَٲطَ ٱلۡمُسۡتَقِيمَ}

{غَيۡرِ ٱلۡمَغۡضُوبِ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا ٱلضَّآلِّينَ}

{وَٱلشَّمۡسِ وَضُحَٮٰهَا}

{وَٱلضُّحَىٰ}

{مِنَ ٱلۡجِنَّةِ وَٱلنَّاسِ}




ل in verbs.
The ل in verbs is pronounced clearly. In past tense as is:
قُلْنَا (29)
or in present tense as is:
يَلْتَقِطْهُ (30)
or in command tense as is:
قُلْ (31)
except in the case of the word "قل" , where it is eaten up when it is followed by the two letters:
1. ل Laam اللام as in
قُل لِعِبَادِيَ (32)
2. ر Raa الراء as in
وَقُل رَبِّ (33)




ل in prepositions.
They are in the words "هل" and "بل" as in
فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ (34
بَلْ عِبَادٌ مُّكْرَمُونَ (35

and its ruling is that it is pronounced clear (الإظهار) except if after it is a ل (LAAM) or ر (Raa), which in case it is eaten up like in the case of word "قل" . As in:
فَهَل لَّنَا (36)
بَل لا يَخَافُونَ (37)
بَل رَّفَعَهُ اللَّهُ (38

In the Quran there is no place where a ر (raa) follows the word "هل" .

An exception to this rule is in the ayat in surah mutaffifin:

كَلَّا‌ۖ بَلۡۜ رَانَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِہِم مَّا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ (١٤)

In this ayat there is a pause after the word "بل" and ل (LAAM) is pronounced clearly and does not get eaten up by the ر (raa) afterwards. In some other recitations like in Warsh, the pause is not there.



ل in nouns.
The ل (laam) sakinah in nouns are pronounced clear (الإظهار), as in.
سُلْطَانٍ (39)
أَلْسِنَتُكُمُ (40)
عِلْمًا (41)
سَلْسَبِيلا (42)




ل in commands.
The ل (laam) sakinah in commands are pronounced clear (الإظهار) like in nouns; i.e. in the present genetive tense as in.
وَلْيَكْتُب بَّيْنَكُمْ (43)
وَلْيُوفُوا نُذُورَهُمْ (44


And the praises are to Allah .

__________

(1) سورة النساء: الآية (28).
(2) سورة الحشر: الآية (24).
(3) سورة الأنعام: الآية (133).
(4) سورة البقرة: الآية (32).
(5) سورة الحجر: الآية (85).
(6) سورة المؤمنون: الآية (116).
(7) سورة الشورى: الآية (9).
(8) سورة الأنعام: الآية (18).
(9) سورة سبأ: الآية (26).
(10) سورة فاطر: الآية (28).
(11) سورة البقرة: الآية (255).
(12) سورة البقر: الآية (249).
(13) سورة البقرة: الآية (247).
(14) سورة البقرة: الآية (120).
(15) سورة المائدة: الآية (4-5).
(16) سورة آل عمران: الآية (195).
(17) سورة البقرة: الآية (130).
(18) سورة الذاريات: الآية (58).
(19) سورة التوبة: الآية (112).
(20) سورة الفاتحة: الآية (7).
(21) سورة آل عمران: الآية (36).
(22) سورة المائدة: الآية (65).
(23) سورة البقرة: الآية (186).
(24) سورة البقرة: الآية (127).
(25) سورة البقرة: الآية (35).
(26) سورة الأنبياء: الآية (105).
(27) سورة سبأ: الآية (13).
(28) سورة البقرة: الآية (164).
(29) سورة البقرة: الآية (34).
(30) سورة يوسف: الآية (10).
(31) سورة البقرة: الآية (80).
(32) سورة إبراهيم: الآية (31).
(33) سورة الإسراء: الآية (24).
(34) سورة هود: الآية (14).
(35) سورة الأنبياء: الآية (26).
(36) سورة الأعراف: الآية (53).
(37) سورة المدثر: الآية (53).
(38) سورة النساء: الآية (158).
(39) سورة الأعراف: الآية (71).
(40) سورة النحل: الآية (116).
(41) سورة الأنعام: الآية (80).
(42) سورة الإنسان: الآية (18).
(43) سورة البقرة: الآية (282).
(44) سورة الحج: الآية (29).